Oldest Buildings Ranked: Best to Worst Worldwide

Have you ever wondered which buildings have stood the test of time? Which ancient architectural marvels still stand tall and tell stories of bygone eras? Prepare to be amazed as we delve into the world of ancient architecture and uncover the oldest buildings in the world. From Matera, the oldest inhabited town, to awe-inspiring cave dwellings in Kandovan, and the oldest continuously occupied house in Saltford Manor, we’ll take you on a journey through history and uncover the secrets of these fascinating structures.

So, can you guess which building takes the top spot as the oldest of them all? Is it Matera, Kandovan, or Saltford Manor? Let’s find out together as we explore the astonishing history of these ancient monuments and rank them based on their historical significance and architectural grandeur.

Key Takeaways:

Matera in Italy is one of the oldest inhabited towns, with a history dating back 9,000 years.

Kandovan in Iran is the world’s largest cave dwelling, inhabited for over 800 years.

Saltford Manor in England is the oldest continuously occupied house, dating back to before 1150.
Explore the intriguing history and architectural wonders of ancient churches and cathedrals.
Discover the breathtaking beauty of St. Peter’s Basilica in Vatican City.

Matera: A Journey Through 9,000 Years of History

Matera, a captivating Italian town nestled in the remote southern region of Basilicata, is a living testament to ancient architecture and historical significance. This extraordinary town, built into the rocks, boasts a rich history dating back an astonishing 9,000 years.

Today, Matera is home to over 60,000 people and has gained global recognition as a UNESCO World Heritage site. Its unique architectural style and cultural heritage have captivated visitors from around the world, making it a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts and architecture aficionados alike.

From intricate cave dwellings to grand palaces, Matera presents a remarkable showcase of human ingenuity and resilience. The town’s ancient architecture tells the story of its past inhabitants, their way of life, and their remarkable ability to adapt to the rugged terrain.

“Matera is a living testament to the extraordinary ways in which humans have shaped their environment throughout history,” says renowned architect and historian, Dr. Alessandro Rossi. “Its unique integration of natural rock formations and man-made structures is truly captivating, showcasing the profound architectural ingenuity of its ancient inhabitants.”

Embracing the UNESCO title of the European Capital of Culture in 2019, Matera has been able to showcase its historical significance in a vibrant and engaging way. The town has flourished as a center for art, creativity, and cultural exchange, with numerous events and festivals celebrating its rich heritage throughout the year.

Matera stands as a testament to the resilience and creativity of humanity, showcasing the ancient past in a modern world.
– Dr. Alessandro Rossi

The Architecture of Matera: A Fusion of Past and Present

In Matera, ancient meets contemporary. Walking through its labyrinthine streets, visitors are treated to a harmonious blend of prehistoric cave dwellings, medieval churches, and elegant palaces that have been meticulously restored to preserve their historical essence.

Architectural Highlights
Significance

Sassi di Matera
The ancient cave dwellings carved into the rocks. They are a remarkable example of sustainable living and a window into the town’s early history.

Matera Cathedral
A stunning Romanesque church that dominates the cityscape and represents the spiritual heart of Matera.

Palazzo Lanfranchi
An exquisite palace now home to the National Museum of Medieval and Modern Art of Basilicata, showcasing an impressive collection of regional art.

Tramontano Castle
A majestic fortress perched on the edge of the town, offering breathtaking panoramic views of the ancient city and surrounding landscape.

In Matera, every corner tells a story. Whether exploring the winding streets of the Sasso Barisano or marveling at the tranquil beauty of the Murgia Park, visitors are transported on a journey through time.

Immerse yourself in the illustrious history of this Italian gem and discover the unparalleled magic of Matera, an ancient town that continues to captivate the hearts and minds of all who visit.

Kandovan: A Glimpse into Cave Dwelling Civilization

Kandovan, nestled in the breathtaking northern region of Iran, offers a fascinating window into the captivating world of cave dwelling civilization. This remarkable village, built entirely from volcanic rock, boasts a history that spans over 800 years. Home to approximately 168 families, Kandovan showcases unique architecture and ancient traditions that continue to thrive to this day.

The cave dwellings of Kandovan, carved into the natural rocky formations, serve as both homes and cultural landmarks. The volcanic rock provides natural insulation, keeping the interiors cool in summer and warm in winter. The intricate designs and layouts of these dwellings highlight not only the practical adaptation to the environment but also the creativity and craftsmanship of the inhabitants.

Visitors to Kandovan can immerse themselves in the rich heritage of the region. The locals warmly welcome guests, offering insights into their daily lives and sharing stories that have been passed down for generations. Experience the simplicity and tranquility of cave dwelling living, enjoy traditional cuisine, and participate in cultural activities that have remained unchanged over centuries.

“Kandovan is an extraordinary testament to human resilience and ingenuity. The way the dwellings seamlessly blend into the natural landscape is awe-inspiring. It’s like stepping back in time and witnessing a living ancient civilization.” – Travel enthusiast

Ancient Traditions and Unique Attractions

Kandovan offers a variety of attractions that showcase the ancient civilization and cultural heritage of the village. Explore the local handicrafts and artisanal products, such as intricate rugs and pottery, which reflect the artistic skills passed down through generations. Visit the local mosque, witness traditional ceremonies, and even try your hand at crafting your own pottery or rug under the guidance of skilled artisans.

To fully immerse yourself in the rich history and culture of Kandovan, take a guided tour to explore the surrounding natural wonders. Discover the stunning beauty of Babak Castle, a fortress built into the mountainside, or hike through the scenic valleys and enjoy breathtaking views of the volcanic terrain. Engage in outdoor activities like horseback riding or simply savor the serenity of the picturesque landscape.

Attractions
Description

Babak Castle
A historical fortress built into the mountainside, offering panoramic views of the region.

Scenic Valleys
Take a leisurely hike through the valleys and witness the unique volcanic rock formations.

Traditional Handicrafts
Explore the local shops and discover intricate rugs, pottery, and other artisanal products.

Cultural Ceremonies
Witness traditional ceremonies held by the locals and gain a deeper understanding of their ancient traditions.

Whether you are a history enthusiast, nature lover, or simply seeking an off-the-beaten-path adventure, a visit to Kandovan promises an unforgettable experience that showcases the resilience and ingenuity of an ancient civilization.

Saltford Manor: A Glimpse into Medieval England

Saltford Manor, located in Somerset, England, is a true testament to the rich history of medieval architecture in the country. This remarkable manor, believed to have been built sometime before 1150, stands as the oldest continuously occupied house in England. Over the centuries, it has witnessed the unfolding of significant historical events and offers a captivating glimpse into the lifestyle of the past.

The architectural features of Saltford Manor exemplify the charm and grandeur of medieval design. Its sturdy stone walls, timber frames, and thatched roof evoke a sense of antiquity, transporting visitors to a bygone era. As one explores the different sections of the manor, they can admire the intricate woodwork, ornate ceilings, and beautifully carved details that showcase the craftsmanship of the time.

Within its walls, Saltford Manor holds the stories of generations who have called it home. As visitors walk through the halls and rooms, they can imagine the lives of the families who resided here, from the medieval lords and ladies to the servants who kept the manor running smoothly.

“Saltford Manor is a remarkable example of the continuous occupation and preservation of medieval architecture in England. It provides valuable insights into the daily lives, social dynamics, and cultural traditions of the people who lived during that time.”

Today, Saltford Manor serves as a museum, allowing visitors to step back in time and experience the rich history of medieval England. The museum offers guided tours, educational programs, and interactive exhibits that bring the past to life. Whether you’re fascinated by medieval history, architectural marvels, or simply curious about life in the Middle Ages, Saltford Manor promises an unforgettable journey through time.

Visiting Saltford Manor

Location: Saltford, Somerset, England

Opening Hours: Tuesday to Sunday, 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM

Admission: Adults – $12, Children (under 12) – $6, Seniors – $8

Plan your visit to Saltford Manor and immerse yourself in the captivating world of medieval England.

The Architectural Marvels of Ancient Churches

Throughout history, several ancient churches have stood the test of time, captivating visitors with their architectural beauty and embodying centuries of religious history. These architectural marvels serve as a testament to the craftsmanship and devotion of the past.

The Monastery of Saint Anthony

The Monastery of Saint Anthony, located in Egypt, is one such example of an ancient church that continues to awe visitors. Dating back to the 4th century, this monastery is considered one of the oldest Christian monastic communities in the world. Its unique architectural style, with intricately carved columns and stunning frescoes, transports visitors back in time and offers a glimpse into the rich religious heritage of the region.

The Church of the Holy Sepulchre

The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, situated in Jerusalem, is another iconic structure that holds immense religious importance. Built in 335, this revered church is believed to be the site of Jesus Christ’s crucifixion, burial, and resurrection. Its stunning architecture, including the grand rotunda and elaborate chapels, serves as a focal point for Christian pilgrims from around the world, seeking a deeper connection to their faith.

These ancient churches not only showcase remarkable architectural achievements but also offer a profound spiritual experience for those who visit. They stand as enduring symbols of religious devotion and the enduring power of faith.

Ancient Church
Location
Year Built

Monastery of Saint Anthony
Egypt
4th century

Church of the Holy Sepulchre
Jerusalem
335

The Mediterranean Masterpieces: Santa Maria in Trastevere

Santa Maria in Trastevere, a church in Rome, Italy, is a true testament to the beauty of Mediterranean architecture. Dating back to 340, it stands as one of the oldest churches in the city dedicated to the Virgin Mary. With its captivating Romanesque bell tower, exquisite interior mosaics, and stunning golden facade, Santa Maria in Trastevere is a sight to behold.

The beauty of this ancient church lies in its rich history and architectural grandeur. The mosaics adorning its walls and ceilings, created in the 12th century, depict scenes from the life of the Virgin Mary, adding a sense of spirituality and awe-inspiring beauty to the space.

The church’s location in the Trastevere neighborhood adds to its charm. Trastevere itself is known for its lively atmosphere, narrow streets, and vibrant squares, making it a popular destination for locals and tourists alike.

When visiting Santa Maria in Trastevere, take the time to admire its intricate architectural details, soak in the serene atmosphere, and explore the surrounding Trastevere neighborhood, known for its quaint cafes, charming restaurants, and bustling markets.

Ancient Christian Sites: Church of the Nativity

The Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem is a revered site believed to be the birthplace of Jesus Christ. It holds immense historical and religious significance, making it one of the oldest and most cherished Christian churches still in use today. Built in 339, this ancient structure boasts original features, including striking red-and-white limestone columns and beautifully crafted floor mosaics.

The Church of the Nativity is a place of pilgrimage for Christian worshipers from around the world who come to pay homage to the birth of Jesus. One of its most revered areas is the Grotto of the Nativity, which is accessible through the Door of Humility. This sacred space is believed to be the exact spot where Jesus was born according to Christian tradition.

Key Features
Significance

Original red-and-white limestone columns
Reflects the ancient architectural style of the region

Floor mosaics
Exquisite craftsmanship and symbolic representations

Grotto of the Nativity
Believed to be the birthplace of Jesus

The Church of the Nativity is an enduring symbol of the Christian faith and a testament to the rich history that surrounds the birth of Jesus Christ. It continues to attract visitors who seek to deepen their understanding and experience the spiritual reverence associated with this holy site.

The Magnificence of St. Peter’s Basilica

St. Peter’s Basilica, located in the Vatican City, is a testament to architectural grandeur and religious significance. As one of the most impressive and oldest basilicas in Rome, it continues to awe visitors from all over the world.

Built in 333, St. Peter’s Basilica stands on the site believed to be the burial place of St. Peter, one of Jesus’ apostles. The basilica’s construction spanned several centuries, involving renowned architects and artists, resulting in a stunning masterpiece of Renaissance and Baroque styles.

Walking through the grand entrance, visitors are greeted by the awe-inspiring interior, adorned with intricate frescoes, breathtaking sculptures, and golden embellishments. One of the most famous artworks housed within the basilica is Michelangelo’s Pieta, a stunning depiction of the Virgin Mary cradling the body of Jesus.

“St. Peter’s Basilica is not only an architectural marvel but also a spiritual sanctuary that holds centuries of history and faith.” – Pope Francis

A true symbol of the Catholic Church, St. Peter’s Basilica showcases the talent of renowned artists such as Bernini, Raphael, and Bramante. The basilica’s towering dome, designed by Michelangelo, offers a panoramic view of the Vatican City and Rome, enticing visitors to marvel at the awe-inspiring beauty from above.

Aside from its religious significance, St. Peter’s Basilica is a treasure trove of historical artifacts and relics. The Papal Altar, situated directly above the tomb of St. Peter, serves as the focal point for papal ceremonies and masses.

The Beauty of St. Peter’s Square

Connected to the basilica is St. Peter’s Square, a magnificent open space meticulously designed by Gian Lorenzo Bernini in the 17th century. The square’s colonnades, symbolizing the embracing arms of the Catholic Church, surround the vibrant piazza.

With its grandeur and historical significance, St. Peter’s Basilica continues to attract millions of visitors annually. Whether you’re an art enthusiast, a religious pilgrim, or simply a curious traveler, a visit to St. Peter’s Basilica promises an unforgettable experience that combines architectural magnificence with spiritual reverence.

Key Facts about St. Peter’s Basilica

Location
Architectural Style
Construction Year
Notable Artworks

Vatican City
Renaissance and Baroque
333

Michelangelo’s Pieta
Bernini’s Baldachin
Raphael’s Transfiguration

The Armenian Gem: Etchmiadzin Cathedral

The Etchmiadzin Cathedral, consecrated in 301, is an ancient Christian cathedral located in Armenia. It is considered the oldest Christian cathedral in the world and holds immense historical and religious significance. Built in a blend of Armenian architectural styles, the cathedral stands as a testament to the rich heritage of the Armenian Apostolic Church.

As the Vatican of the Armenian Apostolic Church, Etchmiadzin Cathedral serves as the religious center for Armenians worldwide. It is a place of pilgrimage for thousands of believers who come to pay their respects and seek spiritual solace. Inside the cathedral, visitors can marvel at the intricate carvings, beautiful frescoes, and intricate religious artifacts.

The significance of the Etchmiadzin Cathedral extends beyond its architectural beauty. The cathedral houses several important relics, including the Holy Lance, believed to be the spear that pierced Jesus on the cross, and a remnant of Noah’s ark. These relics attract devout Christians and history enthusiasts alike, adding to the cathedral’s mystique and allure.

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